Better caregiver mastery is associated with less anxiety in individuals with cognitive impairment

BMC Nursing

Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants (N = 154)†

	Variables	Baseline (T1)		Follow-up (T2)		Changes in variables (T2-T1)
	Variables	n(%) or M ± SD	Min, Max	n(%) or M ± SD	Min, Max	n(%) or M ± SD	Min, Max
Persons living with cognitive impairment	Age	73.26 ± 8.41	55, 98
	Sex
	Female	105 (66.5)
	Male	52 (33.8)
	Race/Ethnicity
	Black or African American	96 (63.2)
	Hispanic/Latino	37 (24.3)
	White	19 (12.5)
	Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR)	0.73 ± 0.50	0.5, 3
	0.5 (Very Mild Dementia)	111 (73.0)
	1.0 (Mild Dementia)	29 (19.1)
	2.0 (Moderate Dementia)	9 (5.9)
	3.0 (Severe Dementia)	3 (2.0)
	Education
	Less than 9 years	27 (18.1)
	High School	57 (38.3)
	Some College	35 (23.5)
	College	22 (14.8)
	Graduate Degree	8 (5.4)
	Sleep Impairment	48.35 ± 9.74	30, 71.9	46.84 ± 9.26	30, 75	-1.32 ± 6.55	-18.5, 20.9
	Depression	5.41 ± 5.21	0, 27	4.31 ± 4.81	0, 24	-0.83 ± 2.74	-9, 8
	Anxiety Frequency	0.77 ± 1.27	0, 4	0.56 ± 1.10	0, 4	-0.21 ± 1.00	-4, 3
	Anxiety Severity	0.59 ± 0.97	0, 3	0.44 ± 0.79	0, 3	-0.16 ± 0.79	-3, 2
Caregivers	Age	55.94 ± 13.83	22, 90
	Sex
	Female	129 (84.3)
	Male	24 (15.7)
	Caregiver Mastery	23.57 ± 3.93	15, 30	24.17 ± 3.73	14, 30	0.41 ± 2.92	-8, 9

^†Notes: For the changes in sleep impairment (T2-T1), the greater the negative score indicates improvement of sleep impairment over time. The greater the negative scores of the changes in depression (T2-T1) indicates improvement of depressive symptoms over time. The greater score in changes in caregiver mastery indicate that caregiver mastery improved over time. For the changes in anxiety frequency (T2-T1), the greater the negative scores indicate that anxiety frequency decreased over time. For changes in anxiety severity (T2-T1), the greater the negative scores indicate that anxiety severity improved over time

ISSN: 1472-6955