All | RN | AN | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nursing care elements | n¹ | Mean (SD) | Rank | n¹ | Mean (SD) | Rank | n¹ | Mean (SD) | Rank | p-value RN vs. AN | ||||
Attend interdisciplinary care conference whenever held | 103 | 3.08 (1.14) | 1 | 60 | 3.20 (1.15) | 1 | 38 | 2.97 (1.03) | 2 | 0.27 | ||||
Turning patient every 2 h | 116 | 3.07 (1.06) | 2 | 60 | 3.18 (1.0) | 2 | 50 | 3.02 (1.06) | 1 | 0.50 | ||||
Ambulation 3 times per day or as ordered | 113 | 2.75 (0.68) | 3 | 60 | 2.82 (0.68) | 3 | 47 | 2.70 (0.69) | 4 | 0.33 | ||||
Assess effectiveness of medication | 101 | 2.50 (0.88) | 4/5 | 60 | 2.67 (0.77) | 5 | 36 | 2.28 (1.0) | 7 | < 0.05* | ||||
Mouth care | 114 | 2.50 (0.73) | 4/5 | 60 | 2.73 (0.69) | 4 | 49 | 2.18 (0.64) | 10 | < 0.001* | ||||
Medications administered within 30 min before or after scheduled time | 92 | 2.41 (0.94) | 6 | 60 | 2.20 (0.66) | 11 | 27 | 2.89 (1.19) | 3 | < 0.01* | ||||
Patient discharge planning and teaching | 109 | 2.35 (0.94) | 7 | 60 | 2.47 (0.93) | 7 | 44 | 2.20 (0.95) | 9 | 0.10 | ||||
IV/central line site care and assessments according to hospital policy | 102 | 2.30 (0.89) | 8 | 60 | 2.35 (0.80) | 8 | 38 | 2.24 (1.05) | 8 | 0.27 | ||||
Emotional support to patient and/or family | 116 | 2.23 (0.86) | 9 | 60 | 2.48 (0.81) | 6 | 51 | 1.94 (0.86) | 14 | < 0.01* | ||||
PRN medication requests acted on within 15 min | 95 | 2.20 (0.82) | 10 | 60 | 2.08 (0.53) | 12 | 31 | 2.45 (1.18) | 5 | 0.34 | ||||
Focused reassessments according to patient condition | 113 | 2.13 (0.80) | 11/12 | 60 | 1.98 (0.80) | 14/15 | 48 | 1.98 (0.76) | 12/13 | 0.06 | ||||
Patients teaching about procedures, tests, and other diagnostic studies | 114 | 2.13 (0.72) | 11/12 | 60 | 2.23 (0.81) | 9 | 49 | 2.02 (0.72) | 11 | 0.12 | ||||
Patient bathing/skincare | 115 | 2.12 (0.60) | 13 | 60 | 2.23 (0.53) | 10 | 50 | 1.98 (0.65) | 12/13 | < 0.05* | ||||
Feeding patient when the food is still warm | 110 | 2.11 (0.95) | 14 | 59 | 1.95 (0.73) | 16 | 46 | 2.37 (1.14) | 6 | 0.07 | ||||
Assist with toileting needs within 5 min of request | 115 | 1.98 (0.65) | 15 | 60 | 2.07 (0.58) | 13 | 49 | 1.88 (0.70) | 15 | 0.09 | ||||
Patient assessments performed each shift | 115 | 1.86 (0.80) | 16 | 50 | 1.74 (0.75) | 20 | 50 | 1.74 (0.75) | 18 | 0.12 | ||||
Full documentation of necessary data | 116 | 1.83 (0.64) | 17 | 59 | 1.98 (0.66) | 14/15 | 50 | 1.64 (0.60) | 19 | < 0.01* | ||||
Response to call light is initiated within 5 min | 116 | 1.79 (0.65) | 18 | 60 | 1.80 (0.61) | 19 | 50 | 1.80 (0.73) | 16 | 0.81 | ||||
Wound care | 116 | 1.72 (0.54) | 19 | 60 | 1.88 (0.49) | 17 | 50 | 1.54 (0.54) | 21 | < 0.001* | ||||
Monitoring intake/output | 116 | 1.71 (0.64) | 20 | 60 | 1.85 (0.66) | 18 | 51 | 1.55 (0.61) | 21 | < 0.05* | ||||
Setting up meals for patients who feed themselves | 111 | 1.64 (0.96) | 21 | 59 | 1.54 (0.80) | 22 | 46 | 1.78 (1.15) | 17 | 0.52 | ||||
Nursing staffs’ hand washing | 116 | 1.55 (0.66) | 22 | 60 | 1.63 (0.69) | 21 | 50 | 1.46 (0.65) | 22 | 0.11 | ||||
Bedside glucose monitoring as ordered | 115 | 1.47 (0.54) | 23 | 60 | 1.52 (0.50) | 23/24 | 49 | 1.43 (0.58) | 23/24 | 0.27 | ||||
Vital signs assessed as ordered | 116 | 1.41 (0.49) | 24 | 60 | 1.52 (0.50) | 23/24 | 49 | 1.43 (0.58) | 23/24 | 0.27 |