Table 2 The mean scores of the inhibitors and facilitators to compliance with PES by the dimensions
From: Inhibitors and facilitators of compliance with professional ethics standards: nurses’ perspective
Dimension and Item | Inhibitors to compliance with PES Mean (SD) | Facilitators to compliance with PES Mean (SD) | p value a |
|---|---|---|---|
Individual care-related dimension | 56.51(8.39) | 76.62 (4.92) | < 0.001 |
*Strong belief in compliance with ethical issues *Weak belief in compliance with ethical issues | 89.54 (14.88) | 90.54 (12.13) | 0.401 |
*Having knowledge and awareness about the principles of professional ethics *Not having knowledge and awareness about the principles of professional ethics | 82.07 (15.95) | 87.38 (12.51) | < 0.001 |
*Low workload and its impact on accuracy and concentration of nurses *High Workload and its impact on accuracy and concentration of nurses | 80.69 (24.05) | 87.11 (16.51) | < 0.001 |
*Ability to critical thinking or ethical decision-making *Inability to critical thinking or ethical decision-making | 86.06 (20.50) | 87.05 (12.50) | 0.853 |
*Effective and appropriate communication with the patient *In effective and inappropriate communication with the patient | 80.36 (21.32) | 83.24 (19.26) | 0.173 |
*Responding to basic needs such as income sufficiency or adequate rest in nursing staff Failure to respond to basic needs such as adequate income or rest in nursing staff | 56.08 (35.30) | 87.83 (12.50) | < 0.001 |
*Satisfaction with the work place Dissatisfaction with the work place | 17.86 (23.07) | 87.72 (15.83) | < 0.001 |
*Having enough time required to perform care Not having enough time required to perform care | 75.27 (32.08) | 81.74 (19.73) | < 0.001 |
*Interest and motivation toward the profession in nursing personnel Lack of interest and motivation to the profession in nursing personnel | 65.54 (33.09) | 80.25 (13.37) | < 0.001 |
*Sufficient previous familiarity with the skills Carrying out completely new tasks without previous familiarity and skills | 36.06 (34.23) | 79.92 (25.93) | < 0.001 |
*Positive attitude to professional ethics standards in nursing Negative attitude to professional ethics standards in nursing | 42.92 (35.74) | 79.20 (16.69) | < 0.001 |
Cooperation of patients Failure to cooperate of patients | 26.99 (31.78) | 77.04 (20.38) | < 0.001 |
Care of non -infected patients and non-transmitted diseases such as AIDS and hepatitis Care for infectious patients and fear of transmitted diseases such as AIDS and hepatitis | 27.15 (30.91) | 37 (26.81) | < 0.001 |
Adequate technical skills of nurses Inadequate technical skills of nurses | 24.50 (29.80) | 26.54 (28.11) | 0.381 |
Management dimension | 59.70 (17.75) | 71.68 (11.90) | < 0.001 |
*Experienced teachers of professional ethics during education *Inexperienced teachers of professional ethics during education | 81.25 (18.34) | 83.40 (11.82) | 0.044 |
*Receive the necessary training on ethical issues during your education *Failure to receive the necessary training on ethical issues during your education training | 79.31 (20.81) | 81.25 (18.93) | 0.089 |
*The existence of written policies or standards of nursing care legislation Absence of written policies or standards of nursing care legislation | 70.90(31.40) | 85.56 (21.45) | < 0.001 |
*Existence of in-service training and educational programs on professional ethics Absence of in-service training and educational programs on professional ethics | 64.49 (42.28) | 84.73 (15.23) | < 0.001 |
*Control and supervision of nursing managers in compliance with professional ethics Lack of control and supervision of nursing managers in accordance with professional ethics | 63.82 (33.37) | 83.35 (23.73) | < 0.001 |
*Moral and legal support of staff by senior managers Lack of moral and legal support of staff by senior managers | 62.88 (36.90) | 79.03 (20.22) | < 0.001 |
Proper work shifts (proportion between the working hours of the personnel and the number of shifts) Improper work shifts (disproportion between the working hours of the personnel and the number of shifts) | 68.25 (34.44) | 75.82 (24.02) | 0.006 |
Sufficient number of personnel Inadequate number of personnel | 68.14 (42.59) | 73.94 (30.33) | < 0.001 |
Paying attention to the training needs of personnel and planning to improve meeting needs Failure to pay attention to the training needs of personnel and planning to meet the needs | 47.17 (33.57) | 71.62 (29.47) | < 0.001 |
Long shift Short shift | 48.61(32.44) | 62.61 (30.17) | < 0.001 |
*Existence of codes of ethics Absence of codes of ethics | 62.55 (37.57) | 80.64 (21.41) | < 0.001 |
Proper relationship between supervisors and personnel Inappropriate relationship between supervisors and personnel | 37.72 (27.38) | 60.50 (31.76) | < 0.001 |
Management of crisis in the ward Lack of crisis management in the department | 51.38 (30.41) | 52.76 (30.29) | < 0.001 |
Paying attention to staff’s abilities and skills in the division of duties Not Paying attention to staff’s abilities and skills in the division of duties | 29.25 (31.54) | 28.20 (32.76) | 0.688 |
Environmental dimension | 44.67 (15.29) | 44.67 (15.29) | 1 |
*Fixed shift Rotational shift works | 60.01 (36.33) | 79.59 (25.35) | < 0.001 |
No negative effect of night shift on health Negative effects of night shift on health | 72.89 (26.02) | 77.10 (25.92) | < 0.001 |
Reasonable expectations of patients and their caregivers from staff Unreasonable expectations of patients and their caregivers from staff | 26.93 (31.15) | 74.17 (22.22) | < 0.001 |
No overcrowding in ward Ward congestion | 45.46 (30.36) | 72.34 (27.68) | < 0.001 |
Adequacy of available facilities and equipment Insufficient available facilities and equipment | 18.03 (27.22) | 30.91 (30.23) | < 0.001 |