Table 4 The relationship between Nomophobia and other covariates (n = 1626)

Age

 < 20

797

49.0

81.27 (35.69)

t = 1.155

 > 20

829

51.0

83.34 (36.55)

p = 0.248

Gender

 Males

620

38.1

80.35 (37.78)

t = 1.694

 Females

1006

61.9

83.53 (35.06)

p = 0.091

Year of study

 1st

231

14.2

78.60 (34.75)

 2nd

470

28.9

82.93 (36.10)

F = 3.618^*

 3rd

647

39.8

80.74 (37.16)

p = 0.013

 4th

278

17.1

88.05 (34.36)

Marital status

 Single

1433

88.1

81.52 (35.87)

t = 2.362^*

 Married

193

11.9

88.30 (37.67)

p = 0.019

Region of residence

 Rural

974

59.9

80.99 (36.92)

t = 1.838

 Urban

652

40.1

84.31 (34.88)

p = 0.066

Current residence

 With family

1506

92.6

81.86 (35.94)

t = 1.829

 University Campus

120

7.4

88.13 (38.24)

p = 0.068

Monthly Income

 Insufficient

120

7.4

80.31 (34.65)

F = 3.045^*

 Somewhat sufficient

801

49.3

84.56 (36.85)

p = 0.048

 Sufficient

705

43.4

80.12 (35.46)

Smoking

 Yes

129

7.9

83.36 (40.40)

t = 0.308

 No

1497

92.1

82.23 (35.76)

p = 0.758

Taking phone bathroom

 Yes

217

13.3

91.21 (36.96)

F = 9.954^**

 Sometimes

394

24.2

84.24 (36.58)

p < 0.001

 No

1015

62.4

79.67 (35.47)

Duration buy or change smartphone

 < 5 years

735

45.2

83.19 (36.44)

F = 1.935

 5–10 years

674

41.5

82.82 (35.22)

p = 0.145

 > 10 years

217

13.3

77.85 (37.73)

Mean daily time using smartphone

 > 5 h

726

44.6

77.70 (34.94)

F = 12.123^**

 5–10 h

708

43.5

85.08 (36.14)

p < 0.001

 > 10 h

192

11.8

89.66 (38.47)

Mean time check smartphone

 5

730

44.9

81.27 ± 36.13

F = 1.558

 10

428

26.3

84.96 ± 34.41

p = 0.211

 20

468

28.8

81.55 ± 37.63