Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of the sample (N = 476)

Gender

-1.889

0.059

-1.897

0.058

1.556

0.120

 Male

21(4.4)

49.10±10.76

44.81±17.25

15.33±3.45

 Female

455(95.6)

53.56±10.57

51.64±16.08

14.01±3.83

Age

6.187

<0.001

5.777

<0.001

33.693

<0.001

 ≤25

40(8.4)

47.73±14.66

44.83±21.54

16.30±3.80

 26-30

99(20.8)

53.07±8.47

49.30±14.91

15.71±3.42

 31-35

153(32.1)

52.01±9.19

49.87±15.24

14.75±3.10

 ≥36

184(38.7)

55.86±11.08

55.07±15.50

12.14±3.73

Educational Background

1.086

0.338

0.734

0.480

2.563

0.078

 Short-cycle Courses

16(3.4)

52.56±8.34

48.63±9.67

12.06±4.22

 Bachelor's degree

456(95.8)

53.32±10.70

51.36±16.33

14.15±3.80

 Master's degree or above

4(0.8)

61.00±3.37

59.50±18.88

12.75±2.22

Marital status

0.618

0.539

1.850

0.158

13.088

<0.001

 Married

338(71.0)

53.02±10.82

52.13±15.77

13.58±3.85

 Unmarried

122(25.6)

54.11±10.03

48.93±17.34

15.55±3.37

 Others

16(3.4)

54.75±10.64

52.94±14.25

13.13±3.70

Number of children

-0.089

0.928

-2.717

0.007

5.725

<0.001

 0

158(33.2)

53.30±10.29

48.50±16.08

15.39±3.41

 1-3

318(66.8)

53.39±10.78

52.75±16.06

13.41±3.85

Years of Working

5.180

0.002

4.032

0.008

35.374

<0.001

 < 5

42(8.8)

54.74±10.31

48.60±17.51

15.29±3.04

 5~15

275(57.8)

51.76±9.84

49.69±15.80

15.04±3.48

 16~25

100(21.0)

55.55±12.51

54.62±16.67

13.12±3.84

 >25

59(12.4)

56.10±9.64

55.39±14.80

10.25±2.93

Professional title

5.766

<0.001

4.753

0.003

34.842

<0.001

 Registered nurses

15(3.2)

55.93±9.60

45.87±16.91

14.40±5.19

 Senior nurse

248(52.1)

51.85±10.09

49.63±16.12

15.41±3.27

 Supervisor nurses

178(37.4)

54.12±11.34

52.62±16.27

12.98±3.68

 Cochief nurses or above

35(7.4)

59.03±8.40

59.23±12.84

9.94±2.75

Department

-1.126

0.261

0.475

0.635

1.839

0.067

 Medicine or surgery

289(62.6)

52.94±10.75

51.61±15.84

14.32±3.77

 Special departments

178(37.4)

54.07±10.35

50.88±16.76

13.65±3.88

Leadership roles

6.413

<0.001

4.261

<0.001

-7.715

<0.001

 Yes

43(9.0)

62.86±9.42

61.19±14.53

10.02±3.04

 No

433(91.0)

52.42±10.26

50.36±16.01

14.47±3.66

Job category

3.729

<0.001

2.381

0.018

-6.338

<0.001

 Permanently employed

315(66.2)

54.64±10.68

52.59±16.03

13.30±3.74

 Temporarily employed

161(33.8)

50.86±10.03

48.88±16.23

15.56±3.54

Monthly night shift frequency

14.830

<0.001

13.845

<0.001

55.522

<0.001

 <5

179(37.6)

56.33±10.73

56.21±15.76

11.96±3.48

 5~7

135(28.4)

53.16±9.92

48.94±14.98

14.95±3.61

 >7

162(34.0)

50.25±10.16

47.96±16.36

15.67±3.25

Annual conference

-6.475

<0.001

-4.383

<0.001

6.928

<0.001

 2<

389(81.7)

51.93±10.16

49.83±15.93

14.61±3.62

 ≥2

87(18.3)

59.75±10.27

58.08±15.60

11.62±3.76