Table 1 A summary of certain features of the healing concept in the studies conducted outside Iran
From: A cross-cultural concept analysis of healing in nursing: a hybrid model
Analysis and result | Method | Title | Author, Reference, Country |
|---|---|---|---|
Healing is a human experience toward optimal coordination, balance and interaction that depends on different spiritual, physical, mental and social dimensions. Healing can be holistically affected by age, genetics, experiences, the environment and relationships. | Concept analysis | Holistic health care: Evolutionary conceptual analysis | Ziebarth (27), United States |
As a comprehensive restoration and recovery process of the body, mind, and spirit, healing causes a movement toward positive changes and full self-actualization in the presence or absence of diseases. | Concept analysis | Healing, a concept analysis | Firth and Bellanti (1), United States |
Healing is an unpredictable subjective process that involves a complete transformation, spiritual transcendence and a reinterpretation of life. Nurses can play a role in the healing process through transpersonal care and patients through their beliefs and inherent therapeutic abilities and natural aid. Analyzing the concept of healing in nursing can help clarify the responsibility and role of nurses in this process. | Concept analysis | Healing: the journey from concept to nursing practice | McElligott (28), United States |
Healing is a transformative process that changes individuals in anticipated and unanticipated manners and produces a new entity. Individuals achieve excellence under suffering and pains and change from old to new. This is a positive transformation in both the healer and those to be healed. | A book review article | Florence nightingale today healing, leadership, global action | Dossey BM (29), United States |
According to Watson’s theory, nursing aims at helping with achieving a higher degree of coordination of mind, body and spirit by establishing different processes of self-awareness, self-respect, self-healing and self-care. Emphasis is placed on self-conscious changes while focusing on the relationship between healing and care and changing toward spiritualizing health versus limited medical vision. Moving in this path and delivering professional nursing care requires new standards, guidelines and models to be developed. | A review article | The attending nurse caring model: integrating theory, evidence and advanced caring–healing therapeutics for transforming professional practice | J. Watson and F. Roxie (30), United States |
Healing refers to hoping for relieving pains and meeting an easy death; healing means putting the patient in a more normal and facilitated situation for a happy life; healing is accompanied with changes in values; what used to be important to the patient will no longer matter, as personal values evolve after healing. Healing means being freed from annoying values. Healing helps the patient as a whole be liberated from annoying situations and values and move toward no pain, no agony, and peace. What used to be important to the patients and caused mental conflict will no longer be valued after healing and values undergo dramatic changes. | A qualitative study | The meaning of healing near the end of life | Gauthier (31), United States |
Explaining the difference between cure and healing; cure means improving physical and emotional symptoms or putting a stop to or slowing down the destructive process of a disease; medicinal and surgical interventions are performed in curing. Healing refers to gradual awareness of a more profound sense of self, body, mind and spirit; healing is a concept with a holistic origin. Healing focuses on the individual and cure on the disease. Healing emphasizes human integrity, puts human at the center of attention during care and it is associated with the realization of human’s inner energy in terms of physical, mental and spiritual dimensions. | A review study | Healing the spirit | McGlone ME (32), Philippines |
Healing is a natural process with an internal origin, which appears to be linked with human nature and to aim at restoring the individual’s balance that is inherent in human nature. Healing is natural rather than magical or mystical; healing is an internal process that occurs to restore balance. Healing comprises complex internal processes and occurs in the absence or despite external interventions. | A review article | On healing, wholeness and the haelan effect | Quinn JF (33), United States |
From an Islamic point of view, the concept of care is considered a spiritual umbrella that covers the basic needs of the patient according to the Holy Quran and the hadiths of the Prophet (PBUH). Extensive and in-depth research should be performed on asking healing of the Quran as a holy book. Investigating and being inspired by healing approaches in the Quran, Muslim and non-Muslim researchers are recommended to design and implement modern nursing care models. Three different approaches to healing and health improvement in the holy Quran include the legal approach such as balance in nutrition, abstinence from alcohol and tobacco, regular exercise, prayer and fasting, the guidance approach involving the introduction of general rules of daily living and the direct approach, i.e. the effect of the holy Quran itself on different body systems. | A review article | The crescent and Islam: healing, nursing and the spiritual dimension. Some considerations towards an understanding of the Islamic perspectives on caring | GH Rassool (8), United Kingdom |
For these patients, the meaning of healing differed from physical treatment and encompassed physical, social, spiritual, and mental dimensions. Acceptance of the illness, submission to it, hope, freedom from suffering, overcoming the illness, and positive feelings were among the meanings of healing. Most of the patients associated healing with belief in a higher power. | A qualitative study | The Meaning of Healing to Adult Patients with Advanced Cancer | Namisango et al. (34), Uganda |