Fig. 1From: Subgroups of self-directed learning ability and their differences in professional identity among nursing undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic: a latent profile analysisLatent profiles of self-directed learning ability among nursing undergraduatesFor data analysis, the original scale items were rearranged according to the items contained in each dimension, with items (1–10) for self-managing ability, items (11–21) for information literacy, and items (22–28) for study cooperation abilityBack to article page