Variables | Experimental group | Control group | t | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||
Doctor-patient communication, problem assessment, and problem-solving | 1.91 | .13 | 1.90 | .13 | .17 | .86 |
•Shows respect for foreign caregivers (look and tone) and a sincere attitude | 1.96 | .20 | 1.96 | .19 | −.06 | .95 |
•Shows empathy (listens attentively without interrupting the speaker) | 1.91 | .28 | 1.88 | .32 | .56 | .57 |
•Uses language that the patient understands, speaks at a suitable speed, and uses appropriate body language | 1.83 | .38 | 1.88 | .32 | −.69 | .48 |
•Solicits a response or validation (responds appropriately to the patient’s queries and verifies that the patient understands) | 1.85 | .36 | 1.84 | .37 | .15 | .88 |
•Able to appease foreign caregivers | 1.91 | .35 | 1.90 | .303 | .22 | .82 |
•Able to understand the foreign caregiver’s queries, identify the problem, and provide a valid explanation | 2.00 | .00 | 1.98 | .141 | .96 | .33 |
Nursing instructions on medication (communication ability and skill) | 1.72 | .24 | 1.59 | .30 | 2.47 | .01 |
•Able to explain the precautions for taking medication | 1.57 | .50 | 1.16 | .37 | 4.61 | < .001 |
•Able to understand the foreign caregiver’s queries, identify the problem, and provide a valid explanation | 1.72 | .45 | 1.70 | .46 | .25 | .80 |
•Able to confirm that the foreign caregiver understands administration procedures | 1.85 | .36 | 1.84 | .37 | .14 | .88 |
•Able to employ guided or alternative methods of explanation (e.g., pictures, images, actions, talking speed) | 1.77 | .42 | 1.66 | .519 | 1.09 | .27 |
Total MOSE score | 1.83 | .14 | 1.78 | .18 | 1.72 | .08 |