From: Preventing falls among older people with mental health problems: a systematic review
Intervention/study | Fallers (fell at least once) | Rate/number of falls | Fall related injuries/fractures | Other | Quality score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nursing/residential care: single | |||||
Exercise | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Buettner 2002 [28]2 | Reduced* ; RR 0.57 95% CI 0.37, 0.89 | Â | Â | Â | 0/6 |
Rosendahl 2008 [43]1 | No difference; RR 1.04 95% CI 0.78, 1.37 | Reduced; IRR 0.82 (0.49-1.39) | Hip fractures –Reduced RR 0.16 95% CI 0.01, 3.01 |  | 5/6 |
Social environment | |||||
Detweiler 2005 [29]2 | Falls (total number): Reduced* P = 0.024 |  |  | Fall severity – No difference | 3/64 |
Chenoweth 2009 [27]2 |  | DCM v control Reduced* p = 0.02 |  |  | 4/6 |
PCC v control Increased* p = 0.03 | |||||
Shimada 2009 (45)1 | Reduced* P = 0.012 | Reduced * p = 0.046 |  |  | 3/64 |
Environment/assistive technology | |||||
Detweiler 2009 [30]2 |  | Reduced* P = 0.05 |  |  | 2/64 |
Knowledge | |||||
Bouwen 2008 [26]1 | Reduced*; RR 0.57 (0.37, 0.89) | No difference p = 0.10 |  |  | 4/6 |
Sensory | |||||
Klages 2011 [36]2 |  | No difference; p = 0.47 |  |  | 4/6 |
Sakamoto 2012 [44]1 | Reduced: RR 0.71 95% CI 0.48,1.05 | Reduced * IRR 0.57 (95% CI 0.32-0.99) | Â | Â | 6/6 |
Nursing/residential care: multifactorial | |||||
Jensen 2003 [35]3 | CI: No difference p = .352 |  | Injuries |  |  |
CI grp – No difference IRR 0.9 (95% CI 0.5-1.3) | |||||
No CI: Reduce d* p = .020 | |||||
No CI grp – No difference IRR 0.9 (95% CI 0.5-1.5) | |||||
Hip fractures | |||||
CI group Reduced* p = .006 | |||||
Neyens 2006 [40]2 | Â | Reduced *; RR 0.64 95% CI 0.43, 0.96 | Â | Â | 4/6 |
Rapp 2008 [41]3; Becker 20031 |  | Cognitively impaired3 | Hip fractures1 – Increased | Time to first fall3 (cognitively impaired versus cognitively intact) – Increased* | 5/6 |
Reduced *; Incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.43 (0.28-0.66) | RR 1.11 95% CI 0.49, 2.51 | ||||
Depression (at least one sign) | RR 0.49 95% CI 0.35, 0.69 | ||||
Reduced; IRR 0.74 (0.51-1.09) | |||||
Ray 1997 [42]1 |  |  | Injurious falls | Recurrent fallers – reduced | 4/6 |
Reduced | |||||
RR 0.75 95% CI 0.48, 1.17 | RR 0.83 95% CI 0.68, 1.02 | ||||
Shaw 2003 [46]2 | Reduced; RR 0.92 95% CI 0.81, 1.05 |  |  | Fall related A&E admissions – increased | 6/6 |
RR 1.25 95% CI 0.91, 1.72 | |||||
Hospital: single | |||||
Knowledge | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Haines 2011 [33]3 | Complete intervention vs control | Complete intervention vs control | Injuries | Cognitively impaired | 6/6 |
Increased | Proportion who fell no difference – complete program 26%, control 24% | ||||
RR 1.84 95% Cl 0.93, 3.62 | |||||
Increased; 1.38 (0.70, 2.75) | Increased; HR 1.48 (0.86-2.53) | ||||
Materials only vs control | Materials only vs control | ||||
Decreased; OR 0.92 (0.48-1.78) | No difference; HR 0.99 (0.55-1.78) | ||||
Environment (social) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Mador 2004 [38]2 | Increased; RR 2.43 (0.84-7.03) | Â | Â | Â | 4/6 |
Hospital: multifactorial | |||||
Stenvall 2007 [47]1 | Reduced*; RR 0.78 (95% CI 0.64, 0.96) | Reduced* IRR 0.38 (95% CI 0.20-0.76)1 | Injuries & serious injuries | Â | 6/6 |
Reduced* IRR 0.07 (95% CI 0.01-0.57) - PWD | Reduced* (p = 0.002, p = 0.055) | ||||
Community based: multifactorial | |||||
Faes 2011 [32]1 | Increased RR 1.39 95% CI 0.66, 2.93 | Increased RR 2.12 (95% CI 0.6 – 7.56) p = 0.25 |  |  | 4/6 |
Mackintosh 2005 [37]2 | No difference p = 0.27 |  |  |  | 3/64 |
Wesson 2013 [51]2 | Reduced; RR 0.50 (95% CI 0.11, 2.19) | Reduced: IRR 0.34 (0.06, 1.91) | Â | Â | 5/6 |
Salminen 2009 [43]3 | Â | Reduced* in participants with higher N depressive symptoms | Â | Â | 5/6 |
 |  | IRR 0.50 (0.28-0.88) |  |  |  |